Staff assessed the repeatability and reproducibility of Test Method 2 by reviewing the laboratory test report that was provided by two trade associations, and by comparing the test to other furniture stability tests that apply a horizontal force. e.g. Section 14(a)(1) of the CPSA requires every manufacturer (which includes importers[149] 10. Human Factors Analysis of Clothing Storage Unit Tipover Incidents and Hazard Communication. Because the term extendable element has the same meaning as drawers and pull-out shelves, but is more concise and does not diminish understanding, the final rule replaces references to drawers and pull-out shelves with extendable elements. This does not change any requirements in the rule; it merely uses more concise terminology. The Commission has relied on these alternatives to address the CSU tip-over hazard to date. Engagement between the public and private sectors will facilitate the creation of a regulatory framework that enables innovation and mitigates potential risks. The label must conform in content, form, and sequence to the hang tag shown in figure 2 to this paragraph (a). Joint Commission standards help you develop strategies to address the most complex issues and identify key vulnerabilities in the patient care experience. The rule defines the base period as the calendar month with the median manufacturing or import volume within the last 13 months immediately preceding the month of promulgation of the final rule. Comment: i.e., Moreover, ASTM has worked on updating its standard for several years and has not succeeded in doing so. For all three drawer sizes, staff was able to fit 8.5 pounds per cubic foot of folded and unfolded clothing in the drawers. In the other incident, the unit caused a laceration to the right eye, which also resulted in the child being treated and released. Thanks! 4.30 Data are a crucial element of AI. Product Safety Signs and Labels, at a right angle) to the fulcrum to cause the The recalled products were responsible for 341 tip-over incidents, including reports of 152 injuries and 12 fatalities. Although the weight of these units was not reported, staff considered them because, as plastic units, they are likely to have been lightweight. 133. The final rule does not include in the warning label statements regarding the use of CSUs on carpet. e.g., Thus, in fatal incidents, a child climbing on the CSU was, by far, the most common reported interaction; and in nonfatal incidents, opening drawers and climbing were the most common reported interactions. Only components that are retained in the case when extended up to 1/4 The supervisory authorities invite feedback on the topics discussed in this DP. Ballotpedia features 391,931 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. 144. This is based on a GS-12, step 5 level salaried employee. Children can open and close the drawers and doors and use them to climb, bounce, jump, or hang; they can play with items in the drawers or get inside the drawers or cabinet. Staff found one report mentioning a rug, although the thickness of the rug is unknown. using 8.5 pounds per cubic foot), maximum unfolded drawer fill weight, and maximum folded drawer fill weight for each drawer. [6]. 2/3 For these reasons, the Commission finds that compliance with ISO 7171 (2019) is not likely to adequately reduce the risk of injury associated with CSU tip overs. One reason for varied timeframes is that staff drew data from previous annual reports and other data-collection reports (which used varied start dates), and then updated the data set to include more recent data. STURDY Act joint letter of support to full Senate 9-21-2022 (1) 87 FR 6246 (Feb. 3, 2022). Warnings and Risk Communication. 3.13 Academic research has shown that by detecting price changes from rivals and enabling rapid or automatic response, AI systems could potentially facilitate collusive strategies between sellers and punish deviation from a collusive strategy. Principle 12: Consumer Duty [a] firm must act to deliver good outcomes for retail customers. Consistent with this purpose and to clarify this requirement, the final rule adds that the unit must not be attached to the wall or other upright structure for testing. Note: the symbols are reproduced in grayscale here, but the color version includes a red x and prohibition symbol, and a green check mark. the Federal Trade Commission's EnergyGuide label for appliances in 16 CFR part 305, requiring information about capacity and estimated annual operating costs; and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's New Car Assessment Program star-rating for automobiles, providing comparative information on vehicle crashworthiness. Therefore, consistent with the comments, the final rule removes the requirement that the force be applied to the back of the CSU because the appropriate force application location may differ depending on the unit design and this will allow testers the flexibility to determine the best location to apply a force when using Test Method 2 for each unit. 4.38 While the supervisory authorities do not currently provide an explicit definition of a model (the PRA proposed definition is being consulted on in CP6/22), the PRA expects that banks should give consideration to what factors would constitute a model, and must establish their own definition of a model, and, furthermore, banks should maintain a model inventory with clear information regarding, but not limited to, owners, users, uses, and direct or material dependencies (see PRA SS3/18 Model risk management principles for stress testing). should verify the contents of the documents against a final, official In addition, CPSC staff identified three international consumer safety standards and one domestic standard that are relevant to CSUs: AS/NZS 4935: 2009, the Australian/New Zealand Standard for 12988, www.cpsc.gov/labsearch. CPSC staff identified 1,154 nonfatal CSU tip-over incidents for all ages that were reported to have occurred between January 1, 2005 and April 30, 2022. European Commission, internet LabellingNested Display Arrows For Labels, available at: 37. The test involves applying weights to the face of an extended extendable element, causing the CSU to tip over. In addition to examining the forces children generate when interacting with a CSU, in the UMTRI study, the researchers also asked participants and their caregivers questions about participants' typical climbing behaviors. For units 4.12 feet or taller, this is 4.12 feet. Because the goal of the stability testing is to simulate the least stable likely configuration during real-world use of a CSU, the tolerance allows for heavier loads in open drawers, but not in closed drawers. Start Printed Page 72625 The NPR explained that the lowest-weight non-modified[90] The rule includes size, content, icon, and format requirements for the hang tag. Common names for clothing storage units include, but are not limited to: chests, bureaus, dressers, armoires, wardrobes, chests of drawers, drawer chests, chifforobes, and door chests. The rule specifically states that whether a product is a CSU depends on whether it meets this definition. The test procedure calls for one extendable element to be fully extended while a 30 pound horizontal pull force is applied to all other fully closed extendable elements. In this case, the moment produced by the child is the horizontal pull force transmitted to the CSU (for example, through a drawer stop), multiplied by the vertical distance to the fulcrum. use anti-tip devices, do not let children climb on the CSU, placing the heaviest items in the lowest drawer), and motivate consumers to take those steps. an accent piece with drawers staged in a foyer, and large multi-drawer nightstands over 27-inches tall). door extension from fulcrum distance. must be tested. In 2016, CPSC staff prepared a briefing package on furniture tip overs, looking at then-current levels of compliance with the voluntary standards, and the adequacy of the voluntary standards. Of the 35 fatal CPSRMS child climbing incidents, the weight of the child was reported for 23 incidents, and ranged from 21.5 to 45 pounds. 2075(c). Q1: Would a sectoral regulatory definition of AI, included in the supervisory authorities rulebooks to underpin specific rules and regulatory requirements, help UK financial services firms adopt AI safely and responsibly? (4) Another alternative the Commission considered was providing a longer effective date. Start Printed Page 72638 24. 4.17 Prior to the Consumer Duty, the FCA had published its Vulnerable Customer Guidance , which sets out what firms should do to comply with their obligations under the Principles and ensure they treat vulnerable customers fairly (including under Principle 6). (m) Start Printed Page 72647 When you have assembled your team, assessed your readiness and reviewed the standards, youre ready to schedule your on-site review. Of these 30 Under the CPSA, a manufacturer is any person who manufactures or imports a consumer product. 15 U.S.C. The Office of Advocacy commented that CPSC should reconsider its two proposed testing methods, as they produce different results that may be confusing for consumers and small businesses alike.. CPSC also assessed whether there is adequate compliance with the stability requirements in ASTM F2057-19. However, AI can pose novel challenges, as well as create new regulatory risks, or amplify existing ones. In this document, the Commission issues a final rule under sections 7 and 9 of the CPSA, regarding performance requirements, warnings, and stockpiling, and under section 27(e) of the CPSA, regarding performance and technical data. She also ruled that Amendment 11 was misleading. Nothing searched for. Those comments are discussed in section IX. Start Printed Page 72645 In doing so, we will not publish your name or contact details or any information which may personally identify you. The focus groups assessed consumer perceptions of and interactions with CSUs, perceptions of warning information, and factors that influence product selection, classification, and placement. To accomplish this, it may be necessary for a tester to conduct repairs or modifications to complete stability testing if weaker components break during the test. The youngest child reported to have opened all drawers was 13 months old. After the children performed the interaction, the researchers reviewed video from each trial to isolate and characterize interactions of interest. However, commenters raised concerns that this would cause drawers to break during testing, implying that testers would not be able to complete the test as a result. [116] The folded clothing was tightly packed, but allowed for additional space when compressed. Yank: This rule applies to both children's products and non-children's products. To address this, the final rule adds to the stability test configuration requirements that, after the CSU has been leveled, to record the maximum handhold height and the longest extendable element extension from fulcrum distance and door extension from fulcrum distance, as applicable. It defines clothes locker as a predominantly metal furniture item without exterior drawers and with one or more doors that either lock or accommodate an external lock; and defines portable storage closet as a freestanding furniture item with an open frame that encloses hanging clothing storage space and/or shelves, which may have a cloth case with a curtain(s), flap(s), or door(s) that obscures the contents from view. | Tip-over force CPSRMS is the epidemiological database that houses all anecdotal reports of incidents received by CPSC, external cause-based death certificates purchased by CPSC, all in-depth investigations (IDI) of these anecdotal reports, as well as investigations of select NEISS injuries. However, some CSUs with particular geometric features, or without extendable elements, may have greater tip-over moments associated with the alternative criteria, based on children's interactions with the CSU. To summarize, based on comments relevant to economic considerations, the final rule extends the effective date of the rule to 180 days and excludes from the scope of the rule lightweight CSUs if the combined weight of the CSU and the contents of filled drawers is less than 57 pounds. The primary drivers of AI risk in financial services relate to three key stages of the AI lifecycle: (i) data; (ii) models; and (iii) governance. The Commission is now issuing a final rule, establishing requirements regarding CSU stability.[5]. [3] The consumers who reported using a CSU to hold their television had approximately the same rate of anchoring the CSU, 10 percent (2 of 21[79] Whether the use of AI is beneficial to consumers will depend on how it is used and for what purpose. Size. Data set provided to CPSC staff by Kids in Danger, January 29, 2021. In working on ASTM F2057, the ASTM F15.42 subcommittee has considered a loaded (filled) drawer requirement and test method using an assumed clothing weight of 8.5 pounds per cubic foot. This page may have been moved, deleted, or is otherwise unavailable. As of July 1, 2022, there will be two distinct emergency management chapters. CPSC also received comments on the costs and benefits calculations presented in the preliminary regulatory analysis and IRFA, the cost and benefit impacts of the scope and effective date of the proposed rule, and other possible economic impacts of the rule, including economic impacts on firms, the utility of the product for consumers, hazard costs associated with the product, and alternative actions that the Commission could take. The issues raised by the Office of Advocacy, and CPSC's response are as follows. Based on the UMTRI study, staff estimated the equivalent force to be more than 1.6 times the weight of the child for typical drawer extensions. extended drawer). However, delaying the effective date would delay the safety benefits of the rule as well. unit to tip over. However, ASTM has not updated the standard. CPSC staff applied a 5-pound threshold in applying additional cost for added weight. The regulation is a performance standard, not a design standard; and as discussed in the Final Regulatory Analysis, there are multiple ways to comply with the final rule that may not involve adding weight to the unit. Figure 3 to paragraph (a)(2)(iii)No television symbol. Consistent with incident data, staff used wall-to-wall carpet for this testing and tested the CSU stability with various configurations of open and filled drawers. or Congress receives a report of the rule, whichever is later. From 2007 through 2021, there were 22 adult fatalities involving CSU tip-overs, an average of 1.5 a year. Obtain useful information in regards to patient safety, suicide prevention, infection control and many more. i.e., The NPR also requested comments on excluding certain lightweight units from the scope of the rule. This rule is effective on May 24, 2023. CPSC received comments regarding the stability requirements, including interlock requirements, in the rule, as well as definitions relevant to those requirements. See Tab H of the final rule briefing package for explanation of this. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (Commission or CPSC) has determined that there is an unreasonable risk of injury and death, particularly to children, associated with clothing storage units (CSUs) tipping over. (1) The stability testing in the rule simulates these factors simultaneously ( 4.63 A particularly useful approach could be to consider what may constitute reasonable steps at each successive stage of the lifecycle of a typical AI system. Of the 1,154 nonfatal CSU tip-over incidents reported, 423 did not mention any specific injuries; 719 reported one injury; and 12 reported two injuries, resulting in a total of 743 injuries reported among all of the reported nonfatal incidents. Based on this 17.2-pound horizontal force on a handhold at a height of up to 4.12 feet, the moment created by this interaction can be described with the equation Therefore, consistent with the purpose of the NPR and in consideration of these comments, the final rule does not include the direction to adjust the level for a carpeted surface in the stability test. The CSU's stability moment is created by its weight, multiplied by the horizontal distance of its CG from the fulcrum. 43. the opposite action is conveyed). 45. The next lightest CSU involved in a fatal tip-over incident weighed 57 pounds. 146. The BCBS, however, expects its members and their internationally active banks to implement standards in a full, timely and consistent manner. Every CSU shall be offered for sale with a hang tag that states the stability rating for the CSU model. The campaign explains the nature of the risk, provides safety tips for avoiding furniture and television tip overs, and promotes the use of tip restraints to anchor furniture and televisions. Extendable elements. Commenters noted that, for incidents in which the type/weight of the unit is known, there are no known incidents involving such lightweight units and that lighter weight units would not be able to meet the stability requirements in the rule, thereby removing such products from the market. CPSC also is aware of products that are named and advertised as generic storage products with multiple uses around the house, or they are advertised without context suggesting a particular use. 2058(f)) requires the Commission to make findings concerning the following topics and to include the findings in the rule. The study found that 55 percent of respondents reported ever having anchored furniture, with a greater percentage of parents reporting anchoring furniture (59 percent) than other caregivers (50 percent), and a greater percentage of homeowners reporting ever having anchored furniture (57 percent) than renters (51 percent). 4.41 A robust model development process ensures models are developed to appropriate standards and use representative data, which are important considerations for AI models. For the reasons described above, the rule focuses on the interactions of children climbing on and opening CSUs. The cost of adding weight to a unit to improve its stability includes the cost of the additional materials, the cost of shipping heavier CSUs, and the cost of additional packing redesign and materials. The general rules, guidance, and principles will be relevant to the firms use of AI. This is because incident data indicate that these factors commonly exist at the same time. Participants noted that whether storage components were large enough to fit clothing was relevant to whether a product was a CSU. In addition, three types of third-party testing of children's products are required: certification testing, material change testing, and periodic testing. 58. 34. Staff focused on the ascent/climbing[56] (iv) The content of the warning label required in this paragraph (a)(2) shall not be modified or amended except as specifically indicated. Learn more about the ways that we serve you or reach out to our Customer Service staff if you have any questions. Personalisation (eg pricing specific to individual consumers) could also lead to some financial products not being offered to certain groups potentially resulting in unlawful discrimination based on protected characteristics. Specifically, if the weight of the empty CSU and a clothing fill weight of 8.5 pounds per cubic foot of functional storage volume totals 57 pounds or more, then the unit falls within the scope of the rule. For additional information about hazard patterns, see Tab C of the NPR and final rule briefing packages. or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). This measure would have abolished the Florida Constitution Revision Commission. This is particularly relevant to some of the potential AI competition risks highlighted in Chapter 3. The images demonstrate that forces at both the hands and feet often have substantial horizontal components, and usually, but not always, the foot forces are larger than the hand forces. 125. 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