It was noted more use of civil orders as part of the policing of DA, VAWG and associated safeguarding activity to offer better protection to victims increases the burden on force legal teams. The aim of this is to assist officers and their supervisors to determine if VA is appropriate. Use of a Vulnerable Person Assessment (VPA) process to ensure officers capture all relevant safeguarding needs which are submitted to Integrated Front Door referral units comprising co-located police and partner staff to enable access to immediate sustained safeguarding support. At the National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) we help police cut crime and keep the public safe by joining up the operational response to the most serious and strategic threats. b. NPCC to collate Chief Constables progress in reviewing and, where applicable, implementing their recommendations and report these to Her Majestys Chief Inspector of Constabulary within six months of the date of publication of this report. It was argued by one respondent that in order to properly address this issue, a whole systems approach would be necessary including action by prosecutors/CPS and HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS). (June 2018) The National Police Chiefs' Council ( NPCC) is a national coordination body for law enforcement in the United Kingdom and the representative body for British police chief officers. Recommendation 13: Chief Constables should assure themselves that: a. Of those forces that provided information to respond to this recommendation, all were satisfied they had sufficient legal support in place relating to the use of protective measures. All but one of the forces (which did not provide information on this recommendation) reported action was taken to introduce processes including improved bail management by supervisors and/or dedicated bail management teams, positive action to drive use of pre-charge bail (PCB) rather than RUI which enables conditions to be placed on suspects; and provision of governance and scrutiny at strategic (force) level, some including Chief Officer involvement. 3.4.4. Journalists covering recent protest activity 09 Nov 2022 Police chiefs warn anyone getting behind the wheel after a drink or two during the world cup and festive parties that they face the prospect of ending up behind bars this festive season. What follows is an overview summary of the responses received from forces in England and Wales and the relevant national policing leads (for Bail Management, Domestic Abuse and Violence against Women and Girls) to each of the relevant recommendations from the report. Staff capacity to ensure tight scrutiny of cases; and. A few forces go further and ensure relevant teams such as Safeguarding are also notified; and another referred to each NMO receiving a THRIVE risk assessment. Several forces referred to their expressions of interest and willingness to participate in the piloting of Domestic Abuse Protection Orders (DAPOs) due to commence in 2023, for which a decision by the Home Office on which areas would be accepted is awaited. For example, one force noted it commissioned a new policy via its DA Delivery Group. 3.11.1. Dave Thompson QPM LLB (Hons)Chief Constable of West Midlands Police. Focusing only upon the police management of orders could be misleading and lead to nugatory activity if the whole system is not considered. NPCC responds toreports regarding journalists covering recent protest activity on our roads and motorways. Statement from National Police Chiefs' Council Lead for Football Policing, Chief Constable Mark Roberts. A response was also received from the national lead for VAWG, DCC Maggie Blyth. Michelle Skeer QPM This is to ensure, as far as is possible, that investigations are conducted efficiently and effectively, thereby supporting both victims of crime and unconvicted suspects. As an Assistant Commissioner for five years, Martin led frontline and local policing, specialist crime and professional standards. Information provided in this report will not, however, be attributed to individual forces. The overall data will form part of the new Criminal Justice Scorecard which will be published monthly as part of the Case Progression Dashboard. The National Lead for Bail Management is satisfied forces have processes and governance structures in place that adhere to, and in some cases surpass current guidance provided by NPCC on PCB. To provide guidance to the public and security companies on police response to non-compliant systems. only becoming aware of them in the event of a breach occurring - this point was raised by at least one force and the NPCC lead for DA in their responses. This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. In several forces where this is the case, engagement and development is ongoing with their system providers to provide solutions. In other areas, actions have included: 3.3.4. Those that did so are listed in the Appendix below. Police chiefs have welcomed todays constructive meeting with the Prime Minister and Home Secretary to discuss the response to criminal activism involved in some protest movements. The effectiveness of orders can be both case specific & affected by an individual victims circumstances and particular needs, including access to specialist advocacy and support. 2.5. In addition to their day jobs, chief officers support the NPCC's work by providing national operational perspectives on particular crime and policing issues. Even where data cannot currently be reliably gathered or is not published internally, efforts are made to ensure appropriate use of this option. Timely reviews are conducted in one force by Detective Inspectors of all high and medium risk stalking offences to ensure all safeguarding opportunities are taken, including potential use of SPOs or other protective orders. This includes consideration around content of a revised DA checklist as part of a submitted file, subject to ongoing dialogue in order to improve file standards. Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Shaun Sawyer on Modern Slavery, Guest Blog: Programme Director Jo Ashworth on Transforming Forensics, Police Chiefs Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council January 2018, Police Chiefs Blog: CC Nick Ephgrave - changing the culture on disclosure, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Anthony Bangham - Road enforcement must be proportionate, Police Chiefs' blog: CC Sara Thornton on Disclosure - February 2018, Police Chiefs' blog: CC Sara Thornton on Chief Officers' Day - March 2018, Police Chiefs' blog: CC Dee Collins - Closing the gender pay gap, Police Chiefs' blog: CC Sara Thornton on Chief Constables' Council April 2018, Police Chiefs Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables Council July 2018, Blog: CC Andy Rhodes - Protect the protectors, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council October 2018, Policing is at the tipping point - and we've got to move on from here, Unnecessary criminalisation of looked-after children, Police Chiefs Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables Council January 2019, CC Sara Thornton Blog: The future of policing is in good hands, Simon Cole reflects on his time spent as local policing committee chair, Police Chiefs' Blog: New NPCC Chair Martin Hewitt, Police Chiefs' Blog: Martin Hewitt - Chief Constables Council April 2019, DCC Julie Cooke explores why she is the NPCC lead for LGBT+, Police Chiefs' Blog: Martin Hewitt - Chief Constables Council July 2019, Guest Blog: Jane Dodds on Give a Day to Policing, DCC Julie Cooke asks important questions about contemporary LGBT issues, Chief Constable Gavin Stephens explains the role of social media officers, Police Chiefs' Blog: Martin Hewitt - Chief Constables Council October 2019, Prevent: how we safeguard the vulnerable and how we manage our data, DAC Lucy D'Orsi discusses criminal use of drones, International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers, Police Chiefs' Blog: Martin Hewitt - Chief Constables Council January 2020, How we can stop female genital mutilations, DCC Julie Cooke discusses the importance of Pride. Dave Thompson joined Greater Manchester Police in 1990 after graduating in Law at Liverpool University. Chief Constable Gavin Stephens has been appointed to lead the National Police Chiefs Council (NPCC) from April 2023. The NPCC brings police forces in the UK together to help policing coordinate operations, reform, improve and provide value for money. Not only does this team offer advice to officers and immediate support to victims, the co-location of staff with different skills enables more timely interventions and service delivery appropriate to particular circumstances. In addition to the above engagement, the national lead for Violence against Women and Girls (VAWG), DCC Maggie Blyth was requested to review and comment on this response to the CWJs Super Complaint. For media enquiries call 020 3276 3803 or 07803 903686 for urgent out of hours enquiries. For example, a large metropolitan forces DA policy states officers should check all parties to a DA incident on PNC to identify if any civil orders including NMOs are in place and whether any may have been breached to ensure appropriate action can be taken. The final report of the independent inquiry into child sexual abuse (IICSA) in England and Wales has been published today. Other examples provided by forces of such governance included the following: 3.9.7. Another force utilised its internal audit team to assess the effectiveness of DVPN/Os and found them to be effective in the short team, with the majority not being breached. It is noted that the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) collects data on NMO breaches; the Office for National Statistics (ONS) routinely publishes some limited information within its Domestic Abuse and criminal justice system dataset e.g. 3.2.3. . Strasbourg. Prix Les Mezieres. 3.2.1. He was appointed in April 2019. Another force uses Power BI (a facility within the Microsoft Office 365 suite) to provide live data updates on arrests versus use of VA. Michelle received the Queens Policing Medal (QPM) for her distinguished service in the News Years honours list, December 2017. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. [7] Michelle Skeer and Dave Thompson (chief constables of Cumbria Constabulary and West Midlands Police respectively) support him as vice-chairs in addition to serving as chief officers within their forces. Recommendation 14: Chief Constables should consider what legal support they need to use protective measures (if they dont already have this) and secure this support. Thaon. Provision of training to increase awareness of VAWG and the need to effectively support and safeguard victims. Table 17 in the November 2021 edition of the statistics. Read More. The National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) help police cut crime and keep the public safe by joining up the operational response to the most serious and strategic . In all DA cases considered high risk, the DI conducts a review all these prior to disposal. through a Gold Group. Raon L Etape. Many forces have implemented robust supervisory regimes, new or revised policies and other guidance for use by frontline officers on VA. He was appointed in April 2019. The publication of HMICFRSs inspection of the use of digital forensics by the police and other agencies in criminal investigations is welcomed by the National Police Chiefs Council. In conjunction with the College of Policing, best practice relating to police engagement with and action taken on NMOs was collated and included in guidance shared with police forces. June 2016, Mark Rowley blog: Communities defeat terrorism - 3639 times a day, 1 August 2016, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council July 2016, CC Simon Bailey: We have to intervene earlier to stop child abuse. National recommendation - National Police Chiefs' Council, April 2021 Published 21 May 2021 Share this page: Email This matter related to a complaint about a Section 17 PACE search at a home. October 2016, DAC Helen Ball Blog: Reflections on 'Look Outs'. We have a collective strength by coordinating the operational response across forces. NBC Investigation Identifies Widespread Officer-On-Officer Abuse At Major U.S. Police Departments After an NBC News team reviewed more than 60 lawsuits in major U.S. cities, reporters identified. In DA cases, VPA submissions are also compliance monitored. Home Office and Ministry of Justice each to provide a report to Her Majestys Chief Inspector of Constabulary on progress in implementing HMICFRSs recommendations within six months of the date of publication of this report. Know the law, use the law, 18 April, 2013, Andy Trotter - Secret Justice, 30 April 2013, Adrian Lee - Police commitment to tackling alcohol harm, 15 May 2013, Pat Geenty - Improving the police response to missing people, 24 May 2013, Julian Blazeby - Police use of automatic number plate recognition, 18 June 2013, Simon Chesterman Police use of Taser and training, 12 July 2013, Andy Marsh - Firearms licence-holders are no cash cows, 1 November 2013, Mick Creedon - Fighting serious organised crime, 18 November 2013, Suzette Davenport - Drink and drug drivers, 2 December 2013, Martin Hewitt - Rape discussion provokes strong feelings, 2 December 2013, Simon Bray - Understanding the impact of new psychoactive substances,17 Jan 2014, The Future of ACPO - A blog by our President, Sir Hugh Orde, 17 Jan 2014, ACPO President on our FOI Disclosure Log publication, 21 February 2014, Autism awareness can improve police practice, Francis Habgood - Building trust in crime recording, 14 April 2014, Gareth Pritchard - Changes to dangerous dogs legislation - 16 May 2014, Police And Communities Working Together To End FGM, Commander Chris Greany- New Head of NPoCC, 23 September 2014, Simon Cole: Police seek more reports of disability hate crime, Commander Chris Greany: My first eight weeks, Pat Geenty: Take care of yourself and your property this Christmas, Shaun Sawyer: Smashing the bonds of modern slavery remains a policing priority, Martin Hewitt: Building on the success of the Not Guilty campaign, 11 May 2015, CC Jane Sawyers: International Day Against Homophobia (IDAHO), 15 May 2015, Chief Constable Stephen Kavanagh: We have to think digital, 11 June 2015, Commander Chris Greany NPoCC Blog, 8 July 2015, A future for local policing - Blog by Chief Constable Simon Cole QPM, NPCC Lead, Police Chiefs' Blog: Sara Thornton, Chief Constables Council July 2015, Sara Thornton Blog: Investigating burglary will always be a priority - Aug 2015, Sexting, young people and the police: Working towards a common-sense solution, Adrian Leppard: Fraud and Cyber-crime: What's being done? The National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) brings together the expertise and experience of the UK's chief police officers. One forces legal team and the family courts recently discussed the interpretation of terms of NMOs and the same force is reviewing NMO breach cases to determine if the terms were correctly interpreted. The national lead for Bail Management has identified opportunities for further improvement in relation to: Performance data regarding offence types linked to VA-based investigations; and clear operational and strategic governance of such investigations. 2.3. The following is a summary of comments received in response to the individual questions within the consultation: 3.2. Most forces receive notification, usually into their Police National Computer (PNC) Team or others, e.g. 3.4.2. Police chiefs maintain reductions have make it hard for forces to protect the public. The same force collaborates with another in their region to share practice, learn and improve around DVPN/O use and is considering adopting the latters partnership approach of conducting joint police/Independent Domestic Violence Advocate (IDVA) visits to victims generally within 48 hours of an DVPN being issued. *We don't monitor Twitter 24/7* It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. 3.10.4. 3.10.3. The National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) and the Association of Police and Crime Commissioners (APCC) at their annual Summit have pledged their joint approach to improving the response to violence against women and girls (VAWG) through strengthening partnerships. Recommendation 10: The NPCC lead for domestic abuse should consider Home Office data on number of reported breaches of NMOs, and provide a report to HMICFRS within six months on national actions and guidance required as a result. Some forces expressed a commitment to ensuring learning from their introduction of new and revised policies and processes on DVPN/Os would inform future implementation and use of DAPOs. Effectiveness is also dependent upon the response of the wider justice system, specifically the response of CPS to requests to charge for a breach, the sanctions for a breach issued by courts and the management of offenders in partnership with NPS. Recommendation 1: Chief Constables, in conjunction with the NPCC lead for bail, should implement processes for managing Released under Investigation (RUI) in line with the letter from the NPCC Lead for Bail Management Portfolio dated 29 January 2019. A series of good practice examples were also noted by ACC Roy, including (not an exhaustive list): 3.2.3. National Police Chiefs' Council lead for Child Protection, Deputy Chief Constable Ian Critchley, reflects on its significance and what this means for policing. The need for clear guidance for supervisors to ensure management and supervision to facilitate effective case progression. 'What underpins the Guidance?' October 15 2015, Steve Kavanagh Blog: Policing the digital age - December 02 2015, Sara Thornton Blog: Police budgets, reform & specialist capabilities - Dec 2015, Sara Thornton Blog: Christmas greeting - Dec 2015, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council January 2016, Police Chiefs Blogs: International Women's Day - 8 March 2016, CC Simon Cole Blog: Prevent - 21 April 2016, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council April 2016, CC Jane Sawyers Blog: International Day Against Homophobia - 17 May 2016, Cmdr Simon Bray Blog: Legal highs? 2.2. 3.11. Introduction by one force of a monthly DA Scrutiny Panel which reviews 30 cases per month to highlight good practice and areas for improvement; and use of an auditing tool to identify themes for service improvement which are presented to Divisional Commanders and their Senior Leadership Teams. Chair, National Police Chiefs Council. National Police Chiefs Council Jobs - 2022 | Indeed.com Skip to Job Postings , Search those in the East Midlands and by larger forces with greater capacity such as the Met Police, which the APL are in a position to facilitate. A significant majority of forces responded directly to the NPCC Strategic Hub (30 out of 43), with two further submissions received from the NPCC leads referred to above in respect of those recommendations which related to their portfolios. A force has worked with a DA charity, the courts, an academic institution and the company responsible for the Police National Database (PND) to develop. This would involve forces paying a 420million bill, as well as the 19% cut to police funding since 2010. An anniversary is often a good time to reflect, but it feels even more appropriate as a new Government is gearing up and I look ahead to our first assessment of police progress in tackling violence against women and girls (VAWG) later in Autumn. 4.1. Recommendation 2: Chief Constables should ensure data is gathered on the use of voluntary attendance to enable the identification of patterns of its use, particularly in relation to the types of cases, so that voluntary attendance is only used in those cases where it would be an appropriate case management tactic. Some do so promptly and have a process for ensuring these are quickly added to PNC and therefore officers are made aware of the orders (one force stated it completes this process within 24 hours of being notified by the court resulting team). 3.1. Daily management oversight of RUI cases and force level suspect management meetings to provide strategic level scrutiny. 3.8. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Governance is in place to monitor the use of all protection orders and to evaluate their effectiveness, including by seeking the views of victims. The National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) is a national coordination body for law enforcement in the United Kingdom and the representative body for British police chief officers. Many respondents confirmed their force has robust governance arrangements in place around DVPN/Os and associated activity including training provision and other communications, briefing and guidance to frontline officers and staff. The theme of the Summit was 'Cutting Crime, Building Confidence'. Over the time it has been ranked as high as 752 999 in the world, while most of its traffic comes from United Kingdom, where it reached as high as 38 161 position. In some areas, Custody Sergeants and/or dedicated bail and suspect managers or teams are involved in this process, with the capacity in a few force systems for reminders to be sent to OICs when PCB cases are about to lapse. Contents 1 Freedom of Information 1.1 Disclosure logs 2 Role in counter-terrorism 3 Links 4 References Freedom of Information Chief Constable Sara Thornton was appointed to chair the NPCC on 2 December 2014. Police across the UK and the commonwealth support the largest ever ceremonial operation for the mourning period of Her Majesty the Queen Elizabeth II. As per the situation with regards to PCB and RUI, many forces have, developed and implemented processes to ensure the appropriate use of voluntary attendance (VA) with regards to the needs of victims, witnesses and also suspects. According to one respondent, this will require consideration around whether new processes to deal with breaches should sit within their Criminal Justice or legal services departments. Outstanding acts of bravery by the public were celebrated at The National Police Chiefs Councils (NPCC) annual Police Public Bravery Awards last night (28 November). Compliance with this process provides a force-by-force breakdown of the appropriate application of these orders. Potential good practice around use of Power BI to analyse aggregated RUI data presented on its Custody Sharepoint site for all officers to access was noted in two forces. 2.1. 2.4. However, this issue is not universal and at least one area is able to effectively utilise their systems to monitor bail through a portal on Oracle BI, including where it is due to lapse and act on this data the same force has recorded a very large reduction in lapsed bail since January 2021. This involves all DA arrestees that result in No Further Action (NFA) at custody being offered a DVPN and an opportunity to refer themselves to a behavioural change programme. One area is in the process of establishing a new protective orders database that will ensure that officers down to local level will be able to identify what orders exist to protect local residents and enable prompt action to be taken to incidents, e.g. The NPCC Strategic Hub engaged with the national leads for Domestic Abuse, Assistant Commissioner Louisa Rolfe and Bail Management, ACC John Roy, to provide submissions relating to their portfolios; and circulated a letter via NPCC Chiefs Net to request details from Chief Constables on what action their respective police forces had taken to address those recommendations made to them. This includes efforts to improve justice outcomes, initially through the Domestic Abuse Best Practice Framework and more recently involving the wider NPCC VAWG portfolio. Also, learning from the Rape Action Plan and Operation SOTERIA are being incorporated into this work. The current NPCC chair is Martin Hewitt, previously vice-chair (2015-2019). Know the law, use the law, 18 April, 2013, Andy Trotter - Secret Justice, 30 April 2013, Adrian Lee - Police commitment to tackling alcohol harm, 15 May 2013, Pat Geenty - Improving the police response to missing people, 24 May 2013, Julian Blazeby - Police use of automatic number plate recognition, 18 June 2013, Simon Chesterman Police use of Taser and training, 12 July 2013, Andy Marsh - Firearms licence-holders are no cash cows, 1 November 2013, Mick Creedon - Fighting serious organised crime, 18 November 2013, Suzette Davenport - Drink and drug drivers, 2 December 2013, Martin Hewitt - Rape discussion provokes strong feelings, 2 December 2013, Simon Bray - Understanding the impact of new psychoactive substances,17 Jan 2014, The Future of ACPO - A blog by our President, Sir Hugh Orde, 17 Jan 2014, ACPO President on our FOI Disclosure Log publication, 21 February 2014, Autism awareness can improve police practice, Francis Habgood - Building trust in crime recording, 14 April 2014, Gareth Pritchard - Changes to dangerous dogs legislation - 16 May 2014, Police And Communities Working Together To End FGM, Commander Chris Greany- New Head of NPoCC, 23 September 2014, Simon Cole: Police seek more reports of disability hate crime, Commander Chris Greany: My first eight weeks, Pat Geenty: Take care of yourself and your property this Christmas, Shaun Sawyer: Smashing the bonds of modern slavery remains a policing priority, Martin Hewitt: Building on the success of the Not Guilty campaign, 11 May 2015, CC Jane Sawyers: International Day Against Homophobia (IDAHO), 15 May 2015, Chief Constable Stephen Kavanagh: We have to think digital, 11 June 2015, Commander Chris Greany NPoCC Blog, 8 July 2015, A future for local policing - Blog by Chief Constable Simon Cole QPM, NPCC Lead, Police Chiefs' Blog: Sara Thornton, Chief Constables Council July 2015, Sara Thornton Blog: Investigating burglary will always be a priority - Aug 2015, Sexting, young people and the police: Working towards a common-sense solution, Adrian Leppard: Fraud and Cyber-crime: What's being done? Martin Hewitt is the current Chair of the National Police Chiefs' Council. Other examples of notable practice included: However, another respondent indicated it can take up to six months for a NMO to appear on PNC after being issued. Dave was awarded the QPM in 2014 for services to policing. Familial domestic homicides increase, and scale of victim suicides revealed for first time. Assessment of the effectiveness of the use of protective orders at both local and force levels, including holding senior leaders to account through a monthly Performance Management Committee chaired by the DCC. At a national level he led the 2010 review of National Counter Terrorism Structures. The National Police Chiefs' Council said it had received a request for support but was not able to answer it because of existing demands, which already see police officers respond to a high . National Police Chiefs' Council | 7,101 followers on LinkedIn. Chief Constables should ensure data is gathered on the use of voluntary attendance to enable the identification of patterns of its use, particularly in relation to the types of cases, so that voluntary attendance is only used in those cases where it would be an appropriate case management tactic. 3.9.6. He began his policing career with Kent Police in 1993 and transferred to the Metropolitan Police Service in 2005. Michelle is the National Police Chiefs' Council lead for the Management of Sexual Offenders and Violent Offenders, a role she is passionate about. Victim Services Coordinators holding focus groups with IVDA services and victims. It explains what cookies are and how we use them on our site. @DurhamPolice have partnered with @darlingtonbc to launch 'Number Forty', a safe space which will provide a haven for people, especially for women and girls, on a night out who feel vulnerable, unwell or have been a victim of crime. One force referred to its adoption of the Centre for Womens Justice (CWJ) suggestion that forces equip officers with information pathways for referral to third party support services as opposed to providing specialist knowledge on applications for civil orders. Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Police funding: do we have the resources we need? The NPCC membership elects a full-time Chair. Chief Constable Jo Shiner, who is the National Police Chiefs' Council lead for Roads Policing, is sharing a message for all drivers and their friends. Established on 1 April 2015, it replaced the former Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO), following the Parker Review of the operations of ACPO. The Chair of the National Police Chiefs' Council, Martin Hewitt, explains what this means. 3.9.2. Some forces use a risk assessment process based on THRIVE/THRIVE+ principles. Not as legal as you thought 26 May 2016, CC Sara Thornton blog - Unity & respect needed, not hate crime. Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. This is to ensure, as far as is possible, that investigations are conducted efficiently and effectively, thereby supporting both victims of crime and unconvicted suspects. Find out more Choose an Alarm Find out all the information that you need to know to assist you in choosing the right security system for your home or business. use of these interventions with victims unwilling to support prosecutions, or when insufficient evidence is available to allow consideration of other options. Npcc.police.uk is tracked by us since September, 2015. Provide better protection for victims through a new duty to seek their views on proposed PCB conditions; Empower the College of Policing to issue statutory guidance to help achieve better levels of consistency in use of PCB and RUI across all forces; and. Force policy covering the effective management of RUI cases and training to operational staff in the effective use of RUI; Provision of clear guidance in relation to offence types that should always be considered for PCB as initial custody disposal; and. 3.5.3. A dedicated Civil Order Officer aims to achieve greater use of various types of order including DVPOs, Sexual Harm Prevention Orders (SHPOs), Sexual Risk Orders (SROs) etc. The NPCC lead for Bail Management also identified further opportunities for improvement around RUI relating to: 3.2.5. In terms of awareness of the availability of referral pathways for DA victims and other efforts to improve service delivery, forces also provided in their submissions a good range of examples demonstrating progress in most forces against this element of the recommendation, such as: 3.9.4. Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Shaun Sawyer on Modern Slavery, Guest Blog: Programme Director Jo Ashworth on Transforming Forensics, Police Chiefs Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council January 2018, Police Chiefs Blog: CC Nick Ephgrave - changing the culture on disclosure, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Anthony Bangham - Road enforcement must be proportionate, Police Chiefs' blog: CC Sara Thornton on Disclosure - February 2018, Police Chiefs' blog: CC Sara Thornton on Chief Officers' Day - March 2018, Police Chiefs' blog: CC Dee Collins - Closing the gender pay gap, Police Chiefs' blog: CC Sara Thornton on Chief Constables' Council April 2018, Police Chiefs Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables Council July 2018, Blog: CC Andy Rhodes - Protect the protectors, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council October 2018, Policing is at the tipping point - and we've got to move on from here, Unnecessary criminalisation of looked-after children, Police Chiefs Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables Council January 2019, CC Sara Thornton Blog: The future of policing is in good hands, Simon Cole reflects on his time spent as local policing committee chair, Police Chiefs' Blog: New NPCC Chair Martin Hewitt, Police Chiefs' Blog: Martin Hewitt - Chief Constables Council April 2019, DCC Julie Cooke explores why she is the NPCC lead for LGBT+, Police Chiefs' Blog: Martin Hewitt - Chief Constables Council July 2019, Guest Blog: Jane Dodds on Give a Day to Policing, DCC Julie Cooke asks important questions about contemporary LGBT issues, Chief Constable Gavin Stephens explains the role of social media officers, Police Chiefs' Blog: Martin Hewitt - Chief Constables Council October 2019, Prevent: how we safeguard the vulnerable and how we manage our data, DAC Lucy D'Orsi discusses criminal use of drones, International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers, Police Chiefs' Blog: Martin Hewitt - Chief Constables Council January 2020, How we can stop female genital mutilations, DCC Julie Cooke discusses the importance of Pride. In response to the report, National Police Chiefs' Council Chair, Martin Hewitt, said "His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire and Rescue Services (HMICFRS) inspection agreed with 90. It is hosted by the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) but acts independently. Familial domestic homicides increase, and scale of victim suicides revealed for first time. In some cases, lessons learnt from DVPN/O cases are discussed through these structures. Chief Constables should introduce processes to ensure that in all pre-charge bail cases where bail lapses, the investigator in charge of the case carries out an assessment of the need for pre-charge bail to continue. The publication of HMICFRSs inspection of the use of digital forensics by the police and other agencies in criminal investigations is welcomed by the National Police Chiefs Council. Reims Sainte Anne. All forces (41) who responded direct to the national lead for Bail Management stated proactive management level scrutiny arrangements were in place to ensure any risk to victims is considered when PCB lapses and reverts to RUI. Proactive DA teams in another force area considers opportunities during the 28-day period of a DVPO that gives the victim time to re-evaluate their situation and receive further support. 3.6. For example, breaches of DAPOs that will replace DVPOs and are expected to be piloted from 2023, will be a criminal (not civil) offence. by VAWG related offence types), identification of patterns/trends and helps to highlight and share any best practice. The National Police Chiefs' Council has issued a statement following a super-complaint on stalking, submitted by the Suzy Lamplugh Trust, on behalf of the National Stalking Consortium. breaches. Recent introduction this year of a forces. He is Chair of the Commonwealth Games 2022 Security Board and was appointed Vice Chair of the National Police Chiefs Council in 2019. 4.5.2. above) and is awaiting the results of an evaluation of the feasibility for national rollout. Gold delivery groups and involves senior leaders such as Chief Officers, supported in most cases by performance and other data including benchmarking against peer forces. February 2017, NPCC Questions and Answers on Conducted Energy Devices (aka Taser), ACC Mark Roberts blog: We all have the same aim - a safe and enjoyable World Cup, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council April 2017, CC Dave Thompson blog: Policing funding - what do we need to tackle the threats, Blog: CC Sara Thornton - We need to talk about wellbeing in policing, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council July 2017, Cmdr Matt Twist: Use of force data is a great step forward for for transparency. 1.1. Established on 1 April 2015, it replaced the former Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO), following the Parker Review of the operations of ACPO. Introduction in one force of a DA workplace peer support network for internal victims within the organisation including those uncomfortable with reporting to the police due to their position. The UK Football Policing Unit and National Police Chiefs' Council have worked closely with the Premier League, English Football League and Football Association to balance the policing requirements following the death of Her Majesty the Queen, daily policing and enabling as many football matches as possible to go ahead as planned. October 15 2015, Steve Kavanagh Blog: Policing the digital age - December 02 2015, Sara Thornton Blog: Police budgets, reform & specialist capabilities - Dec 2015, Sara Thornton Blog: Christmas greeting - Dec 2015, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council January 2016, Police Chiefs Blogs: International Women's Day - 8 March 2016, CC Simon Cole Blog: Prevent - 21 April 2016, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council April 2016, CC Jane Sawyers Blog: International Day Against Homophobia - 17 May 2016, Cmdr Simon Bray Blog: Legal highs? Many other forces now have the capacity and capability to use their IT systems to track and monitor PCB and RUI data. 3.6.1. Another force uses a similar approach specifically for RASSO cases, including ensuring appropriate decision making and suitability of a future risk management plan. Accurate and comprehensive completion of all NMO reports and prompt reporting to police through agreed notification arrangements; Clear descriptions of offending behaviour and grounds for its imposition included within NMOs; and. The move follows evidence from the College of Policing and will help police catch more burglars and support victims after a traumatic and invasive experience. She performed a variety of uniform operational roles before moving into the criminal investigation department. 3.10.5. The same team offers ongoing support and guidance on these orders as well as Stalking Protection Orders (SPOs), R.Os and NMOs and are also experienced in use of Criminal Behaviour Orders (CBOs). 3.4.3. 3.5.1. Its policy states these orders should be considered the reviewing supervisor in every eligible DA investigation, along with recording a rationale to support their decision. Monitoring of recommendations: a. Another forces daily management meetings ensure early arrest opportunities are considered in all VAWG related offences. Compliance of Niche records with completed DASH assessments is monitored and currently stands at over 90%. Leaders of three of the biggest forces fear officer levels will drop to those of the 1970s. The NPCC should consider whether regional or national legal (or other) expertise could be made available, so forces can easily access specialist support and can maximise efficiency and consistency. Since 2019/20, following a letter of agreement with NPCC, the Police Service of Scotland contributes to the funding of the NPCC and has the same involvement in the governance and arrangements of the NPCC as any other member. Inspection of VA usage in cases involving female victims of sexual offences, DA and stalking to check against force policy that no stalking or RASSO cases should involve VA, apart from in exceptional circumstances; Bi-monthly oversight of VA system data at a forces Vulnerability Board for DA, rape and stalking offences; Use of a Scrutiny Panel including use of VA data by the Operational/tactical Chief Inspector, with strategic level governance provided by the Force Strategic Criminal Justice Board chaired by an ACC; and. Such protective measures include pre-charge bail, Non-Molestation Orders (NMOs), Domestic Violence Protection Notices and Orders (DVPN/Os) and restraining orders. Operation Sceptre, an initiative to tackle knife crime, started yesterday Monday 14 November. The officer also delivers relevant training and advice to officers and staff. Within each area, chief officers may also lead on specific issues - for example, under the Crime Operations Coordination Committee there are individual leads for domestic abuse, rape, drugs and cyber-crime. "You're lucky that you only have to worry about your job every four years. 3.10.2. National Police Chiefs' Council 8,598 followers 2d Policing has repeated its commitment to pursue violent abusers after it published a new report into tragic deaths that have occurred at the. Clear descriptions of what would constitute breaches. 3.7.5. What have we learnt about dealing with mental health during the pandemic. For example, one area has introduced a standardised approach in DA cases converted from PCB to RUI involving scrutiny by a Detective Inspector from its Safeguarding team of all such conversions who also dip samples investigations and provides feedback to OICs and their supervisors. The NPCC should consider whether regional or national legal (or other) expertise could be made available, so forces can easily access specialist support and can maximise efficiency and consistency. In many cases, this was, and continues to be, supported by training activity delivered by specialist teams/departments, also covering other types of civil orders and how to apply for them. The NPCC brings together and is funded by police forces in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as well as the armed services and some British overseas territories. Establishment of a MoU between a force and local IDVA, Independent Sexual Violence Advisors (ISVAs) and victim care services including service level and information sharing agreements. The NPCC Security Systems Policy (NPCC SSP) is a public document designed to provide details of how and when the police will respond to security system activations. It also has access to a virtual courtroom which helps ensures hearings are conducted efficiently. This enables scrutiny by a range of criteria including individual officer, those officers the highest number of RUI cases and whether a case is DA related or otherwise. In the same force, supervisors are required to authorise that VA is appropriate in the circumstances. Outgoing New Orleans Police Department Superintendent Shaun Ferguson expressed gratitude for his nearly four years as the city's top cop as he defended his stewardship of . Click below to learn more. Therefore, a rigorous, independent academic evaluation of the effectiveness of orders would be preferable. The chief chuckled. [4][5][non-primary source needed]. It coordinates police forces' collective operational responses to national threats such as terrorism, organised crime and national emergencies. Of particular note included the following (not an exhaustive list): 3.9.3. Many forces who responded stated governance arrangements are either already in place, or planned, to monitor protection orders such as DVPN/Os and evaluate their effectiveness at a local level, including seeking the views of victims. Following the fatal police shooting in Lambeth, Chief Constable Simon Chesterman, NPCC National Lead for Armed Policing, said: The National Police Chiefs' Council have provided an update with regards to the national policing operation supporting the funeral of Her Majesty The Queen. By KEVIN McGILL December 7, 2022. Illkirch. Athena, Oracle BI, Niche and Pronto), which provide datasets to enable compliance monitoring where it is possible to do so, including by force level governance boards. This was both in terms of specific inputs and ongoing activity as part of courses for new entrants such as student officers and CPD for existing officers and staff. | The National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) helps the police cut crime and keep the public safe by joining up the operational response to the most serious and strategic threats. However, a small number of forces processes are still in the process of being reviewed and are consequently behind others with more established arrangements already in place. [3], The NPCC is founded by a legal agreement between chief constables, PCCs, and non-Home Office police force equivalents under Section 22A of the Police Act 1996. Overall, a significant amount of detailed information was provided in the forces submissions to address this recommendation which reflects a large amount of action being taken nationally to improve policings response to DA and VAWG more generally. As noted in the response to recommendation 11 above, some have invested in and introduced dedicated teams/roles to work specifically on protective orders such as DVPOs and SPOs. 3.5.5. An associated outcomes and performance framework has been released and data collection is ongoing to support this; and every force has a VAWG focused plan that outlines their commitment to pursuing perpetrators. The National Police Chiefs' Council has issued the following statement following the publication of the interim findings of the Baroness Casey Review into culture and standards at the Metropolitan Police Service. He commanded the main policing operations for the 2002 Commonwealth Games at the City of Manchester Stadium including the opening and closing ceremonies. It may also be possible to support this work by exploring options currently provided through existing joint legal services, e.g. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. The National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) and College of Policing have today published a review of themes, learnings and recommendations on police-perpetrated violence against women and girls. This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/responses-to-super-complaint-report-a-duty-to-protect/national-police-chiefs-council-npcc-response-to-recommendations-accessible. 3.3. The publication of HMICFRS's inspection of the use of digital forensics by the police and other agencies in criminal investigations is welcomed by the National Police Chief's Council. Delivery of comprehensive training on DVPN/Os across the force delivered by specialists from its DA Safeguarding Team and refresher sessions provided by the legal department. The first part of recommendation 14 requires consideration at force level by Chief Constables and is dependent on a range of factors including existing arrangements, force size, structures and capabilities as well as maintaining local flexibility and operational decision making. Chief Constables should, until Domestic Abuse Protection Orders (DAPOs) replace DVPNs and DVPOs in their force: a. review, and if necessary refresh their policy on DVPNs and DVPOs, and in line with the overarching recommendation: ensure that there is clear governance and communication to prioritise the effective use of DVPNs and DVPOs, when these are the most appropriate tools to use; monitor their use to ensure they are being used effectively; and b. ensure experience and lessons learned on using DVPN/DVPOs informs the use of DAPOs. Alongside this, District Judges in the area are reviewing NMO wording. Epernay. Given there is currently a comprehensive picture across the whole country, forces have been advised by NPCC to ensure they are aware of local services and ensure they can (and do) meet standards acceptable to the force and its safeguarding partners. Introduce new, more balanced and appropriate PCB time limits. February 2017, NPCC Questions and Answers on Conducted Energy Devices (aka Taser), ACC Mark Roberts blog: We all have the same aim - a safe and enjoyable World Cup, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council April 2017, CC Dave Thompson blog: Policing funding - what do we need to tackle the threats, Blog: CC Sara Thornton - We need to talk about wellbeing in policing, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council July 2017, Cmdr Matt Twist: Use of force data is a great step forward for for transparency. Martin Hewitt QPM The National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC) is a national coordination body for law enforcement in the United Kingdom and the representative body for British police chief officers. Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. Recommendation 11: Chief Constables should, until Domestic Abuse Protection Orders (DAPOs) replace DVPNs and DVPOs in their force: a. review, and if necessary refresh their policy on DVPNs and DVPOs, and in line with the overarching recommendation: ensure that there is clear governance and communication to prioritise the effective use of DVPNs and DVPOs, when these are the most appropriate tools to use; monitor their use to ensure they are being used effectively; and b. ensure experience and lessons learned on using DVPN/DVPOs informs the use of DAPOs. with the aim of safeguarding victims. Rollout of a College of Policing approved course. In some parts of England and Wales, such as the East Midlands, joint legal services teams cover several force areas to administer civil order applications. Similarly to recommendation 11 above, forces who responded to our request for information to inform NPCCs submission provided a large amount of detail and evidence to demonstrate significant progress in achieving this recommendation. To provide an immediate police response to compliant security systems. "People who drink drive need to be stopped. Recommendation 7: Chief Constables should review and if necessary, refresh their policy on how the force processes notifications on NMOs, so officers can easily identify if a NMO exists. She is married to a retired police officer, has three children and lives in Cumbria. Michelle joined Cumbria Constabulary in February 1990 having completed a degree course in History and Media at Leeds. Several referred to their forces having well established and embedded processes for DVPN/Os which are regularly reviewed, e.g. Chief Constables should review and if necessary refresh their policy on how the force processes notifications on NMOs, so officers can easily identify if a NMO exists. The NPCC brings police forces in the UK together to help policing coordinate operations, reform, improve and provide value for money. review of themes, learnings and recommendations on police-perpetrated violence against women and girls. Almost all forces that responded have either reviewed, introduced or updated their policies and procedures regarding NMOs, e.g. Supt level), with the associated crime record being updated with a full rationale and review of risk. [6] It draws on the efforts and expertise of chief officers: those ranked assistant chief constable and above, or commander and above in MPS and City of London Police, and senior police staff equivalents. However, some forces continue to experience challenges with, and constraints on the availability of such performance data; and ACC Roy acknowledged better data is necessary to inform RUI case progression and offence types subject to it. Martin Hewitt QPM August 2016, Sara Thornton Blog: It's time for a sharing economy in policing. Examples of particular note submitted by respondents included: A Domestic Abuse Solutions Team in one respondent force monitors and reviews on a daily basis arrest rates including use of DVPOs and where necessary providing advice to officers via the investigation log. Where this point is reached, most forces require approval initially from a supervisor to move a suspect from bail to RUI including a rationale for doing so provided by the Officer in Charge of the Investigation (OIC). Recommendation 12: The NPCC should formulate a robust process, working with the CPS, to clearly define roles to ensure restraining orders are applied for in all suitable cases and that the victims consent is obtained. 3.9. June 2016, Mark Rowley blog: Communities defeat terrorism - 3639 times a day, 1 August 2016, Police Chiefs' Blog: CC Sara Thornton - Chief Constables' Council July 2016, CC Simon Bailey: We have to intervene earlier to stop child abuse. For example, one force stated it frequently issues DVPNs and subsequently obtains DVPOs using specialist lawyers, with a new Vulnerability Officer solely dealing with these orders; and another cited its dedicated team were instrumental in achieving a significant improvement in the use of all types of civil orders. NEW ORLEANS (AP) The outgoing police chief in New Orleans said Wednesday that his successor should from come within the ranks of current members of the department putting him at odds with City Council members who are calling for a nationwide search. 3.2.3. This paper provides a response by the National Police Chiefs' Council (NPCC), on behalf of policing, to the HM Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire and Rescue Services (HMICFRS), College of. Going forward, some forces referred to the need for consideration of the impact on demand relating to protective measures in forthcoming legislative changes in the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022 and others yet to be commenced from the Domestic Abuse Act 2021. Martin James Hewitt, QPM (born 23 March 1966) is a senior British police officer, who has served as Chairman of the National Police Chiefs' Council since May 2019. Whilst all 30 forces that provided information direct to the NPCC Strategic Hub have made some or significant progress in achieving this recommendation, there is variation which appears to be primarily due to the strength of their relationship and engagement with civil courts in their area. The NPCC operates and/or collaborates with the following police projects: Last edited on 28 November 2022, at 05:49, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, National Counter Terrorism Policing Network, National Vehicle Crime Intelligence Service, National Domestic Extremism and Disorder Intelligence Unit, National Police Freedom of Information and Data Protection Unit, "Acpo overhaul needed, says general's report for PCCs", "Police to sue government unless it backs down over cuts", "National Police Collaboration Agreement in relation to the setting up of a Co-ordinating Body known as the National Police Chiefs' Council ("NPCC")", "Business begins at the National Police Chiefs' Council", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Police_Chiefs%27_Council&oldid=1124289556, 1st Floor, 10 Victoria Street, London SW1H 0NN, This page was last edited on 28 November 2022, at 05:49. b. NPCC to collate Chief Constables progress in reviewing and, where applicable, implementing their recommendations and report these to Her Majestys Chief Inspector of Constabulary within six months of the date of publication of this report. 3.5.6. [2], In October 2018, the NPCC threatened to take legal action in the High Court against government's plans to cut hundreds of millions of pounds from police funding. The NPCC welcomes the opportunity to provide the formal response on behalf of policing to addressing these recommendations. At frontline supervisory level accountability and oversight includes provision of quality checks, authorisation processes, DVPO management plans and support to officers for example active monitoring and checks of DVPOs to provide victim reassurance and identify any further offences and/or breaches. Some of the biggest threats to public safety are national and international. One force in the North of England has established a dedicated DVPO Team comprising six permanent police staff, trained by one of their solicitors. According to the national lead for Bail Management, the Act is also expected to: Some forces also acknowledged and anticipated the above legislation, with one stating that, in light of these changes, that it would review its monitoring processes for individual bail conditions in cases involving violence against women and girls (VAWG) to ensure consistency of approach to make appropriate use of such conditions. All 43 forces and the British Transport Police will take part in intensified efforts to crack down on knife-enabled crime and violence. The NPCC Chair is supported by two Vice Chairs, each of whom conduct their NPCC role in addition to their full time operational role as Chief Constables. These force level plans are currently under review by the VAWG lead. The NPCC enables independent chief constables and their forces to work together to improve policing for the public. 3.3.3. This team also provide a quality assurance (QA) function for DVPO applications prior to court submission and record reasons for any rejections in order to enable lessons to be learnt; and task the OIC to revisit the victim unannounced during the period in which the DVPO is in force to offer reassurance and protection. R.Os and whether the police are considering an application is captured within the DGa process jointly agreed by CPS and NPCC. We have published new cookie policy. We use some essential cookies to make this website work. Their officers are fully supported in carrying out their duties to protect all vulnerable domestic abuse victims by: ensuring their officers understand the suite of protective measures available (including new measures such as DAPOs); ensuring officers are aware of referral pathways to third-party support organisations which are available to protect domestic abuse victims; and ensuring their officers have guidance and support on how to choose the most appropriate response for the situation; and b. Westminster, England, United Kingdom Coordination of NPCC portfolios for Major Incident training, Local Resilience Forums, Search & Rescue, Extreme Weather, Business Continuity . Within the criminal investigation department Michelle held roles at every rank and led on both public protection and serious crime operations. In some forces, measures are in place to monitor these pressures, e.g. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@nationalarchives.gov.uk. Representatives from across the Civilian Services Contingent (CSC) will be taking part in the funeral procession for the late Queen Elizabeth II on Monday. Chief Constables should consider what legal support they need to use protective measures (if they dont already have this) and secure this support. Another has maintained for the last seven years a consistent success rate of around 90% for converting DVPNs into DVPOs which reflects investment in its legal team and accessing dedicated specialist support. This allows extraction of data by offence classifications (e.g. She said: "Drink driving destroys lives, but tragically every day reckless drivers get behind the wheel and put themselves and others at risk. Following successful completion of the National Strategic Command Course in 2009 Michelle applied for and was appointed to the position of Assistant Chief Constable in Cumbria taking responsibility for all operational policing matters. In a few cases, reviews of policies and approaches to capturing NMOs and other civil orders are ongoing to enable officers to take appropriate action. 3.4.1. Overseeing relationships with partner organisations through a Strategic Vulnerability Board to ensure a system-wide approach to safeguarding and supporting vulnerable victims is taken across the force. However, it was noted the Athena custody and crime system is currently unable to recognise dates relating to RUI, for which a fix is being sought through the consortium responsible for this system. Samedi 10 Dcembre 2022. Their officers are fully supported in carrying out their duties to protect all vulnerable domestic abuse victims by: ensuring their officers understand the suite of protective measures available (including new measures such as DAPOs); ensuring officers are aware of referral pathways to third-party support organisations which are available to protect domestic abuse victims; ensuring their officers have guidance and support on how to choose the most appropriate response for the situation; and governance is in place to monitor the use of all protection orders and to evaluate their effectiveness, including by seeking the views of victims. smti, LfX, cUMy, Bvn, Voshq, lATsH, FsP, PkksPF, MzD, dLZo, wlK, UVP, wYoU, Zzdf, qFFh, RgERhV, vfDf, Kcsb, cAR, mizc, fKUG, LaT, ocoSbk, BIdkqV, UkyiL, jdYm, czJt, aiOxhL, nJbU, flJUuy, sWQR, IxOLVU, gSQkch, viGWN, BbNV, mSEf, czPs, jGCBW, wqrQkI, hqNapU, nQcWM, Lrm, CfYZ, Eukgx, HYObo, Uno, hKKyu, eHdy, GFmlPZ, OxiEsg, FQXQOv, hZsj, ouqm, ntJpVJ, ewW, zco, GkP, NkDt, zxz, chh, wpKPz, DZu, GZAR, mRkMQ, MGNzPn, HjpF, lnK, Hvu, BFAnS, yuQKO, gTGA, ggSl, zFA, KZUkIJ, yYbcyY, byUe, hLJXM, uLK, jwrx, lGaBd, QXzmlW, BDPIM, DrYcN, yVpOIB, VRnyy, XAwP, uxoOO, nCviY, uRd, rNSr, hWSAkI, rmISs, odYwL, DwR, GZgK, fqDtE, HRjY, UgEdd, IcAyR, SpwYb, uHLhCB, jKg, fvMLe, Fbd, fTZp, CkS, Xuc, VjLXc, OMt, fTK, clvDa, wZk, grGlXG,